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This article, authored by ITT’s Shashi Buluswar, Aarsh Pande, and Pranav Sridhar, is published in the Fall 2020 issue of the  California Management Review.

While the social technology ecosystem is highly innovative, many efforts fail to achieve scale or impact. This research note examines the experience of fifteen technologies across the health, agriculture, energy and household/appliance sectors. Across these technologies—the way they were funded, their business models, and their successes and challenges to date—a number of clear themes emerge, with important implications for how innovators and funders, alike, can make more thoughtful decisions as the ecosystem matures.